Smallholder farmers in Huong Lam commune, Ha Tinh province, Viet Nam were surveyed to identify what ecosystems they depend on, what climate change impacts they face, and what Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) measures that are appropriate for the area. Data was collected from commune staffs and farmers through questionnaires and focus-group discussions. Farmers acknowledged that they depend on ecosystems for their livelihoods. In contrast, climate change causes severe impacts on peoples' lives and environment, through floods that destroy houses and crops, cold spells that kill animals and seedlings, typhoons that damage big trees, and droughts that affect crop yields. Engineering options can have a positive impact in some certain casebut require costly investments. Meanwhile, there are green adaptation measures that offer assistance to farmers to mediate climate change impacts. Since the concept EbA is relatively new, it’s necessary to develop and test practical methodologies and approaches for identifying EbA in the field.

Key words: Participatory, ecosystem-based adaptation, vulnerability assessment, ecosystem services, smallholder farmers.